A finger reader is a kind of device utilized to verify the identity of a person. Normally, these fingerprint readers check the fingerprint of a person and compare the live print with the features of the stored copy. These devices are utilized in computer security, building access as well as law enforcement. Various kinds of technologies are utilized in these devices that provide several weaknesses and strengths to operate as identity authentication devices.
Features contained in our fingerprints
Our fingerprints contain various kinds of features that can be identified and these features are used by these devices to compare the live fingerprints with the recorded one. The crinkles in our fingerprints generally form a pattern from three distinct known patterns. The ridges and arches enter to our finger from a side, in the middle it rises and exits from the other side of the finger. These ridges enter the loop around the finger and also exit from the same side.
Minutiaes and ridge-endings
Minutiaes are the individual ridges that show specific features. Ridge-endings are those ridges, which end suddenly without touching nearby ridges. When a ridge rips into two that is called bifurcation, like these features the possibilities of combinations of fingerprint features are very large, and the most amazing thing is that fingerprints of different people never match.
The sensor and the touch surface
A finger reader utilizes a sensor to check someone's fingerprint. Sensors of these devices act similar to the digital cameras and record the visible light. These finger readers have a touch surface that is used to take the print of the fingers. These devices use an optical sensor and so the flat surface and the fingers should be very clean while taking the print. These finger readers can be fooled by an image of a fingerprint, so it is not a completely trustworthy device.
Ultrasonic sensor
One more type of sensor used in a finger reader is the ultrasonic sensor. These sensors reflect sound waves of high frequency to the finger's dermal layer to create an image. As the outer layer of our fingers shows the same print as it is from inside, therefore these sensors do not require much cleaning while taking the fingerprint.
Computer processing of data
When fingerprint data is collected by the sensor, it is then stored on a computer. Normally, a computer program is utilized with the finger reader to recognize the ridges automatically. This program determines how many ridges are there and compares the features of the live print with the recorded one, it also counts the quantity of ridges between each minutiae. Apart from this, a member of staff can also check the fingerprints visually, to make the fingerprint checking more subtle.
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